Bullying statistics
References:
Bullying: A guide for parents. (National Autistic Society). Retrieved from http://www.autism.org.uk/Living-with-autism/Education-and-transition/Primary-and-secondary-school/Your-child-at-school/Bullying-a-guide-for-parents.aspx.
Center for Disease Control, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (2012). Understanding bullying. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/bullyingfactsheet2012-a.pdf.
Davis, S., & Nixon, C. (2010). The youth voice research project: Victimization and strategies. Retrieved from: http://njbullying.org/documents/YVPMarch2010.pdf.
Espelage, D. L., & Holt, M. K. (2013). Suicidal ideation and school bullying experiences after controlling for depression and delinquency. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53. Retrieved from: http://www.ncdsv.org/images/JAH_Suicidal-ideation-and-school-bullying_7-2013.pdf.
Gini, G., & Pozzoli, T. (2013). Bullied children and psychosomatic problems: A meta-analysis. Pediatrics. Retrieved from: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2013/09/11/peds.2013-0614.
Hatzenbuehler, M. L., & Keyes, K. M. (2012). Inclusive anti-bullying policies and reduced risk of suicide attempts in lesbian and gay youth. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53, 21-26. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3696185/?tool=pmcentrez.
Hawkins, D. L., Pepler, D. J., & Craig, W. M. (2001). Naturalistic observations of peer interventions in bullying. Social Development, 10(4), 512-527. Retrieved from: http://bullylab.com/Portals/0/Naturalistic%20observations%20of%20peer%20interventions%20in%20bullying.pdf.
Hertz, M. F., Donato, I., & Wright, J. (2013). Bullying and suicide: A public health approach. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53. Retrieved from: http://www.ncdsv.org/images/JAH_Bullying-and-Suicide-a-public-health-approach_7-2013.pdf.
Kann, Laura, Steve Kinchen, and Shari Shanklin. "United States 2013 Results." High School Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Center for Disease Control, June 2014. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss6304.pdf.
Kosciw, J. G., Greytak, E. A., Bartkiewicz, M. J., Boesen, M. J., & Palmer, N. A. GLSEN, (2011). The 2011 national school climate survey. Retrieved from: http://glsen.org/sites/default/files/2011%20National%20School%20Climate%20Survey%20Full%20Report.pdf.
(2009). C. Marshall, E. Kendall, M. Banks & R. Gover (Eds.), Disabilities: Insights from across fields and around the world (Vol. 1-3). Westport, CT: Praeger Perspectives.
McCallion, G., & Feder, J. (2013). Student bullying: Overview of research, federal initiatives, and legal issues. Congressional Research Service. Retrieved from: http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R43254.pdf.
Petrosino, A., Guckenburg, S., DeVoe, J., & Hanson, T. Institute of Education Sciences, (2010). What characteristics of bullying, bullying victims, and schools are associated with increased reporting of bullying to school officials? Washington, D.C.: National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance. Retrieved from: http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/edlabs/regions/northeast/pdf/REL_2010092_sum.pdf.
Puhl, R. M., Luedicke, J., & Heuer, C. (2011). Weight-based victimization toward overweight adolescents: Observations and reactions of peers. Journal of School Health, 81(11), 696-703. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21972990.
Puhl, R. M., Peterson, J. L., & Luedicke, J. (2012). Strategies to address weight-based victimization: Youths' preferred support interventions from classmates, teachers, and parents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(3), 315-327. Retrieved from: http://www.yaleruddcenter.org/resources/upload/docs/what/bias/Youth_Preferred_Interventions_JYA_11.12.pdf.
Rosenthal, L., Earnshaw, V. A., Carroll-Scott, A., Henderson, K. E., Peters, S. M., McCaslin, C., & Ickovics, J. R. (2013). Weight- and race-based bullying: Health associations among urban adolescents. Journal of Health Psychology. Retrieved from: http://www.yaleruddcenter.org/resources/upload/docs/what/communities/WeightRaceBullying_Phys….
Russell, S. T., Sinclair, K., Poteat, P., & Koenig, B. (2012). Adolescent health and harassment based on discriminatory bias. American Journal of Public Health, 102(3), 493-495. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22390513.
Saylor, C.F. & Leach, J.B. (2009) Perceived bullying and social support students accessing special inclusion programming. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities. 21, 69-80.
Thornberg, T., Tenenbaum, L., Varjas, K., Meyers, J., Jungert, T., & Vanegas, G. (2012). Bystander motivation in bullying incidents: To intervene or not to intervene? Western Journal of Emergency Medicine , 8(3), 247-252. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3415829/.
US Department of Education, National Center for Educational Statistics (2015) . Student Reports of Bullying and Cyberbullying: Results from the 2013 School Crime Supplement to the National Victimization Survey. Retrieved from: http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2015056.
Wright, T., & Smith, N. (2013). Bullying of LGBT youth and school climate for LGBT educators. GEMS (Gender, Education, Music, & Society, 6(1). Retrieved from: http://library.queensu.ca/ojs/index.php/gems/article/view/5010.
- Almost one out of every four students (22%) report being bullied during the school year. (National Center for Educational Statistics, 2015)
- 64 percent of children who were bullied did not report it; only 36 percent reported the bullying. (Petrosina, Guckenburg, DeVoe, and Hanson, 2010)
- More than half of bullying situations (57 percent) stop when a peer intervenes on behalf of the student being bullied. (Hawkins, Pepler, and Craig, 2001)
- School-based bullying prevention programs decrease bullying by up to 25%. (McCallion and Feder, 2013)
- The reasons for being bullied reported most often by students were looks (55%), body shape (37%), and race (16%). (Davis and Nixon, 2010)
- Students who experience bullying are at increased risk for poor school adjustment, sleep difficulties, anxiety, and depression. (Center for Disease Control, 2015)
- Students who engage in bullying behavior are at increased risk for academic problems, substance use, and violent behavior later in adolescence and adulthood. (Center for Disease Control, 2015)
- Students who are both targets of bullying and engage in bullying behavior are at greater risk for both mental health and behavior problems than students who only bully or are only bullied. (Center for Disease Control, 2015)
- Students who experience bullying are twice as likely as non-bullied peers to experience negative health effects such as headaches and stomachaches. (Gini and Pozzoli, 2013)
- 19.6% of high school students in the US report being bullied at school in the past year. 14.8% reported being bullied online. (Center for Disease Control, 2014)
- 90% of teens who report being cyberbullied have also been bullied offline. (“Seven Fears and the Science of How Mobile Technologies May Be Influencing Adolescents in the Digital Age,” George and Odgers, 2015)
- Only 10 U.S. studies have been conducted on the connection between bullying and developmental disabilities, but all of these studies found that children with disabilities were two to three times more likely to be bullied than their nondisabled peers. (Disabilities: Insights from across fields and around the world; Marshall, Kendall, Banks & Gover (Eds.), 2009)
- Researchers discovered that students with disabilities were more worried about school safety and being injured or harassed by other peers compared to students without a disability. (Saylor & Leach, 2009)
- The National Autistic Society reports that 40 percent of children with autism and 60 percent of children with Asperger’s syndrome have experienced bullying. (“Bullying: A Guide for Parents”)
- When reporting bullying youth in special education were told not to tattle almost twice as often as youth not in special education. (Davis and Nixon, 2010)
- More than one third of adolescents reporting bullying report bias-based school bullying. (Russell, Sinclair, Poteat, and Koenig, 2012)
- Bias-based bullying is more strongly associated with compromised health than general bullying. (Russell, Sinclair, Poteat, and Koenig, 2012)
- Race-related bullying is significantly associated with negative emotional and physical health effects. (Rosenthal et al, 2013)
- 81.9% of students who identify as LGBTQ were bullied in the last year based on their sexual orientation. (National School Climate Survey, 2011).
- Peer victimization of all youth was less likely to occur in schools with bullying policies that are inclusive of LGBTQ students. (Hatzenbuehler and Keyes, 2012)
- 63.5% of students feel unsafe because of their sexual orientation, and 43.9% because of their gender expression. (National School Climate Survey, 2011)
- 31.8% of LGBTQ students missed at least one entire day of school in the past month because they felt unsafe or uncomfortable. (National School Climate Survey, 2011).
- 64% of students enrolled in weight-loss programs reported experiencing weight-based victimization. (Puhl, Peterson, and Luedicke, 2012)
- One third of girls and one fourth of boys report weight-based teasing from peers, but prevalence rates increase to approximately 60% among the heaviest students. (Puhl, Luedicke, and Heuer, 2011)
- 84% of students observed students perceived as overweight being called names or getting teased during physical activities. (Puhl, Luedicke, and Heuer, 2011)
- There is a strong association between bullying and suicide-related behaviors, but this relationship is often mediated by other factors, including depression and delinquency. (Hertz, Donato, and Wright, 2013)
- Students who bully others, are bullied, or witness bullying are more likely to report high levels of suicide-related behavior than students who report no involvement in bullying. (Center for Disease Control, 2014)
- Students victimized by their peers were 2.4 times more likely to report suicidal ideation and 3.3 times more likely to report a suicide attempt than youth who reported not being bullied. (Espelage and Holt, 2013)
- Students who are both bullied and engage in bullying behavior are the highest risk group for adverse outcomes. (Espelage and Holt, 2013)
- Suicide is not a natural response to being bullied. This myth has the dangerous potential to normalize suicide behavior in response to suicide and thereby create copycat behavior among students (Center for Disease Control, 2014).
- Bullied youth were most likely to report that actions that accessed support from others made a positive difference. (Davis and Nixon, 2010)
- Actions aimed at changing the behavior of the bullying youth (fighting, getting back at them, telling them to stop, etc.) were rated as more likely to make things worse. (Davis and Nixon, 2010)
- Students reported that the most helpful things teachers can do are: listen to the student, check in with them afterwards to see if the bullying stopped, and give the student advice. (Davis and Nixon, 2010)
- Students reported that the most harmful things teachers can do are: tell the student to solve the problem themselves, tell the student that the bullying wouldn’t happen if they acted differently, ignored what was going on, or tell the student to stop tattling. (Davis and Nixon, 2010)
- As reported by students who have been bullied, the self-actions that had some of the most negative impacts (telling the person to stop/how I feel, walking away, pretending it doesn’t bother me) are often used by youth and often recommended to youth. (Davis and Nixon, 2010)
- Bystanders’ beliefs in their social self-efficacy were positively associated with defending behavior and negatively associated with passive behavior from bystanders – i.e. if students believe they can make a difference, they’re more likely to act. (Thornberg et al, 2012)
- Students who experience bullying report that allying and supportive actions from their peers (such as spending time with the student, talking to him/her, helping him/her get away, or giving advice) were the most helpful actions from bystanders. (Davis and Nixon, 2010)
- Students who experience bullying are more likely to find peer actions helpful than educator or self-actions. (Davis and Nixon, 2010)
References:
Bullying: A guide for parents. (National Autistic Society). Retrieved from http://www.autism.org.uk/Living-with-autism/Education-and-transition/Primary-and-secondary-school/Your-child-at-school/Bullying-a-guide-for-parents.aspx.
Center for Disease Control, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (2012). Understanding bullying. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/bullyingfactsheet2012-a.pdf.
Davis, S., & Nixon, C. (2010). The youth voice research project: Victimization and strategies. Retrieved from: http://njbullying.org/documents/YVPMarch2010.pdf.
Espelage, D. L., & Holt, M. K. (2013). Suicidal ideation and school bullying experiences after controlling for depression and delinquency. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53. Retrieved from: http://www.ncdsv.org/images/JAH_Suicidal-ideation-and-school-bullying_7-2013.pdf.
Gini, G., & Pozzoli, T. (2013). Bullied children and psychosomatic problems: A meta-analysis. Pediatrics. Retrieved from: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2013/09/11/peds.2013-0614.
Hatzenbuehler, M. L., & Keyes, K. M. (2012). Inclusive anti-bullying policies and reduced risk of suicide attempts in lesbian and gay youth. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53, 21-26. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3696185/?tool=pmcentrez.
Hawkins, D. L., Pepler, D. J., & Craig, W. M. (2001). Naturalistic observations of peer interventions in bullying. Social Development, 10(4), 512-527. Retrieved from: http://bullylab.com/Portals/0/Naturalistic%20observations%20of%20peer%20interventions%20in%20bullying.pdf.
Hertz, M. F., Donato, I., & Wright, J. (2013). Bullying and suicide: A public health approach. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53. Retrieved from: http://www.ncdsv.org/images/JAH_Bullying-and-Suicide-a-public-health-approach_7-2013.pdf.
Kann, Laura, Steve Kinchen, and Shari Shanklin. "United States 2013 Results." High School Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Center for Disease Control, June 2014. Retrieved from: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss6304.pdf.
Kosciw, J. G., Greytak, E. A., Bartkiewicz, M. J., Boesen, M. J., & Palmer, N. A. GLSEN, (2011). The 2011 national school climate survey. Retrieved from: http://glsen.org/sites/default/files/2011%20National%20School%20Climate%20Survey%20Full%20Report.pdf.
(2009). C. Marshall, E. Kendall, M. Banks & R. Gover (Eds.), Disabilities: Insights from across fields and around the world (Vol. 1-3). Westport, CT: Praeger Perspectives.
McCallion, G., & Feder, J. (2013). Student bullying: Overview of research, federal initiatives, and legal issues. Congressional Research Service. Retrieved from: http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R43254.pdf.
Petrosino, A., Guckenburg, S., DeVoe, J., & Hanson, T. Institute of Education Sciences, (2010). What characteristics of bullying, bullying victims, and schools are associated with increased reporting of bullying to school officials? Washington, D.C.: National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance. Retrieved from: http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/edlabs/regions/northeast/pdf/REL_2010092_sum.pdf.
Puhl, R. M., Luedicke, J., & Heuer, C. (2011). Weight-based victimization toward overweight adolescents: Observations and reactions of peers. Journal of School Health, 81(11), 696-703. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21972990.
Puhl, R. M., Peterson, J. L., & Luedicke, J. (2012). Strategies to address weight-based victimization: Youths' preferred support interventions from classmates, teachers, and parents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(3), 315-327. Retrieved from: http://www.yaleruddcenter.org/resources/upload/docs/what/bias/Youth_Preferred_Interventions_JYA_11.12.pdf.
Rosenthal, L., Earnshaw, V. A., Carroll-Scott, A., Henderson, K. E., Peters, S. M., McCaslin, C., & Ickovics, J. R. (2013). Weight- and race-based bullying: Health associations among urban adolescents. Journal of Health Psychology. Retrieved from: http://www.yaleruddcenter.org/resources/upload/docs/what/communities/WeightRaceBullying_Phys….
Russell, S. T., Sinclair, K., Poteat, P., & Koenig, B. (2012). Adolescent health and harassment based on discriminatory bias. American Journal of Public Health, 102(3), 493-495. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22390513.
Saylor, C.F. & Leach, J.B. (2009) Perceived bullying and social support students accessing special inclusion programming. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities. 21, 69-80.
Thornberg, T., Tenenbaum, L., Varjas, K., Meyers, J., Jungert, T., & Vanegas, G. (2012). Bystander motivation in bullying incidents: To intervene or not to intervene? Western Journal of Emergency Medicine , 8(3), 247-252. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3415829/.
US Department of Education, National Center for Educational Statistics (2015) . Student Reports of Bullying and Cyberbullying: Results from the 2013 School Crime Supplement to the National Victimization Survey. Retrieved from: http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2015056.
Wright, T., & Smith, N. (2013). Bullying of LGBT youth and school climate for LGBT educators. GEMS (Gender, Education, Music, & Society, 6(1). Retrieved from: http://library.queensu.ca/ojs/index.php/gems/article/view/5010.